In comparison with October (7.5%), the unemployment rate remained stable, whereas in relation to November 2007 (8.2%), it decreased by 0.6 percentage points. The employed population (22.1 million persons) did not undergo any changes compared to results in October. In relation to November last year, this number increased by 2.9% -  611 thousand persons. The number of workers with a formal contract in the private sector (9.8 million persons) did not change in relation to the figure in October and increased y 5.5% in the annual comparison. The unemployed population (1.8 million) also remained stable in relation to October and fell by 6.1% compared to November 2007. The average real income of workers (R$ 1,273.60)increased by 0.9% compared to October; in the annual comparison, the increase was 4.0%. The average real household income per capita (R$ 822.40) had slight decline in the month (-0.4%) and increase of 4.6% in the year. The volume of real income earned by the employed population¹ (R$ 28.2 billion) changed by 0.4% in the month and no 8.3% compared to October 2007.

 

 In November 2008, the unemployment rate² estimated by IBGE’s Monthly Employment Survey (PME) was 7.6% for the group of six metropolitan areas investigated³, having remained stable in relation to October (7.5%) and with decrease of 0.6 percentage points in relation to November 2007 (8.2%). It was the lowest unemployment rate for a month of November since the beginning of the new series of PME, in March 2002.

 

Compared to October, the indicator did not present any statistically significant change in any of the areas surveyed. Compared to November 2007, there were significant decreases in (-2.5 percentage points) and Belo Horizonte (-1.2 percentage points).

 

UNEMPLOYED PERSONS (PD)⁴

 

The number of unemployed persons in the total metropolitan areas surveyed in November (1.8 million) was stable in relation to October and fell by 6.1% compared to November 2007.  

 

In the analysis by area, similarly to what happened to the unemployment rate there was no significant change of this estimate in relation to the previous month. Compared to last year, there were negative changes in the following metropolitan areas: Salvador (-21.9%) and Belo Horizonte (-15.9%).

 

EMPLOYED PERSONS (PO)

 

In November 2008, the number of employed persons (22.1 million) in the group of six metropolitan areas remained stable in comparison with the previous year and increased 2.9% compared to November 2007, that is, a total 611 thousand new jobs were created.

 

In relation to October, there was stability in all the areas. In the annual comparison, there were positive changes in the metropolitan areas of Belo Horizonte (4.1%), Rio de Janeiro (2.0%), São Paulo (3.5%) and Porto Alegre (4,0%).

 

The level of occupation⁵ (53.3%) in the total of the six areas was statistically stable in the monthly comparison and increased 0.7 percentage points in relation to November 2007. By area, compared to October, there was no change in this indicator. Compared to November 2007, there was significant increase only in the metropolitan area of São Paulo (1.1 percentage point).

 

Results of the main groups of activity:

 

In relation to November 2007, employment remained stable in all the groups of activity. In the annual comparison there were several positive changes in construction (7.9%) and education, health, social services, public administration and social security  (6.7%). The highlight was the metropolitan area of São Paulo, in which the number of employed persons in construction increased by 14.1% compared to November 2007.

 

Analysis of the type of participation in the job market

 

Workers WITH a formal contract in the private sector⁶(44.5% of the PO). In relation to October, there was stability. Compared to November 2007, there was increase (5.5%).

 

In the analysis by area, in the monthly comparison, there was stability. In relation to November 2007, there was increase in the following metropolitan areas: Recife (7.1%), Belo Horizonte (8.3%), São Paulo (6.6%) and Porto Alegre (6.7%).

 

Workers WITHOUT a formal contract in the private sector⁶(13.4% of the PO). There was stability in both comparisons. In the analysis by area, there was stability in relation to October.

 

In the annual comparison, there was decrease of 12.8% in Recife. 

 

Military or civil servants (7.7% of the PO) There was stability compared to October and increase of 10.0% compared to November 2007.

 

In the analysis by area, there was stability in relation to the previous month. Compared to November 2007, there was increase of the rate in Belo Horizonte (17.8%) and Rio de Janeiro (11.9%)

 

Own-account workers (18.7 of the PO) There was stability in both periods of comparison. In the analysis by area, there was stability in relation t October. Compared to November 2007, there was decrease by 14.4% in Salvador.

 

AVERAGE REAL INCOME⁷

 

In November 2008, the survey estimated, for the group of six metropolitan areas, the average real income usually earned by workers as R$ 1,273.60, with increase of 0.9% in relation to last October and of 4.0% compared to November 2007.

 

In the analysis by area, in relation to the previous month, there was rise of income in the metropolitan areas of Recife (1.4%), Salvador (1.1%) and São Paulo (2.3%). Income declined in Belo Horizonte (-1.5%) and Porto Alegre (-1.8%) and remained stable in Rio de Janeiro. In the annual comparison, there was increase in four metropolitan areas, Salvador (8.0%), Belo Horizonte (3.1%), Rio de Janeiro (6.9%), São Paulo (3.3%). There was decline of income in Recife (-2.4%).

 

Analysis of the real income of workers by group of activity

 

Compared to October 2008:

 

There was increase in the following groups of activity: trade, repair of automotive vehicles and of personal and domestic objects and retail trade of fuels (2.6%); services rendered to enterprises, rents, real estate activities and financial mediation (2.4%) and other services (6.8%).

 

There was decrease in mining and quarrying industry, manufacturing industry and distribution of electricity, gas and water (-4.0%); construction (-1.7%) and education, health, social services, public administration, defense and social security (-0.9%).

 

There was stability in the activity domestic services.

 

Compared to November 2007:

 

There was increase in all the groups of activity investigated by PME: mining and quarrying industry, manufacturing industry and distribution of electricity, gas and water (3.9%); construction (1.0%); trade, repair of automotive vehicles and of personal and domestic objects and retail trade of fuels and other services (1.4%); services rendered to enterprises, rents, real estate activities and financial mediation (5.0%); education, health, social services, public administration, defense and social security (2.0%); domestic services (2.9%) and other services (6.4%).

 

AVERAGE REAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME PER CAPITA

 

PME estimated, in November 2008, for the group of six metropolitan areas, average household income per capita of R$ 822.40, a figure which presented slight decrease (-0.4%) compared to October and increased 4.6% in relation to November 2007.

 

In relation to October, income rose in Salvador (2.5%) and Rio de Janeiro (1.0%). The opposite occurred in Recife (2.8%), Belo Horizonte (1.6%), São Paulo (0.6%) and Porto Alegre (1.6%). Compared to November last year, there was recovery of income in Salvador (2.8%), Belo Horizonte (3.0%), Rio de Janeiro (9.9%) and São Paulo (4.0%). There was decrease in the metropolitan areas of Recife (-1.2%) and Porto Alegre (-0.9%).

 

 

VOLUME OF REAL INCOME RECEIVED BY THE EMPLOYED POPULATION

 

The volume of real income received by the employed population was estimated as R$ 28.2 billion (reference month: October 2008), for the group of six metropolitan areas. Compared to September, there was slight increase (0.4%); compared to October 2007, there was increase by 8.3%.

 

Compared to September, there was increase of salary volume in the Metropolitan Areas of Salvador (2.0%) and São Paulo (0.8%); there was decline in Recife (-0.4%), Belo Horizonte (-0.6%) and Porto Alegre (-0.7%) and stability in  Rio de Janeiro. In comparison with October 2007, there was rise in the metropolitan areas of Salvador (6.4%), Belo Horizonte (6.9%), Rio de Janeiro (11.8%), São Paulo (8.8%) and Porto Alegre (4.3%) and decline in Recife (-1.6%).

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¹ The income earned is the income of the month before the month in which the collection is being carried out.

² Proportion of unemployed persons in relation to the economically active population.

³ São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Salvador, Recife and Porto Alegre.

⁴ Persons who were not working, were available to work in the week of reference and had taken action in order to get a job in the 30 days before the week in which they participated in the survey.

⁵ Proportion of employed persons in relation to the population at active age.

⁶ Except domestic workers, military and civil servants and others.

⁷ Income usually earned. The deflator used for the calculation of the real income for each area is the Consumer Price Index of the metropolitan area produced by IBGE.  In order to calculate the income of the total six metropolitan areas covered by the survey, the deflator is the weighting average of the price indexes of these areas.  The weighting variable is the resident population in the urban area of the metropolitan area.

⁸ The household monthly income per capita was calculated by dividing the household monthly income by the number of components of the household unit, excluding those whose condition in the household unit was pensioner, household worker or relative of household worker.

⁹ Sum of the income effectively earned from all the activities in the month of reference of the survey (month before the release).