Although there has been no statistically significant change (-0.3%) in relation to September (9.0%), the unemployment rate was low in comparison with figures commonly seen in October. It was the second lowest result  in all the series of IBGE’s Monthly Employment Survey, which started in 2002. In relation to October 2006 (9.8%), there was decrease of 1.1 percentage points. The number of unemployed persons (2 million persons) fell (-3.4%) from September to October and also in relation to October 2006 (-9.8%).  The employed population has not changed significantly in comparison with September results, and increased by 3.1% (about 639 thousand persons) in relation to October last year. The real average income of employed persons (R$ 1,123.60) increased in the monthly (0.5%) and annual (1.2%) comparisons. The household income per capita (R$ 709.45) remained stable in the month and increased 1.5% in the year. The volume of income usually earned of employed persons (R$ 24.0 billion) increased 0.5% in the month and 3.8% in the year.

In October 2007, the unemployment rate, estimated as 8.7% for the group of six metropolitan areas investigated by IBGE’s Monthly Employment Survey, fell by 0.3 percentage points compared to September (9.0%). This change is not considered statistically significant. Besides, the indicator reached its highest second value since the beginning of the new series of the Monthly Employment Survey (March 2002) and the lowest value for October. In relation to October 2006, there was decrease of 1.1 percentage points.

 

In relation to September, there were decreases in two metropolitan areas: Rio de Janeiro 0.,7 percentage points and  Porto Alegre 0.8 percentage points. In relation to October 2006, there were decreases in Belo Horizonte (1.8 percentage points), São Paulo (1.0 percentage points) and Porto Alegre (2.1 percentage points).

 

UNEMPLOYED PERSONS (PD)[SUP]1[/SUP]

 

The overall number of unemployed persons in October reached 2 million. The number of unemployed persons decreased by 3.4% (about 72 thousand persons) in relation to September, which is not considered a statistically significant change. Compared to October 2006, there was decrease (-9.8%) in the group of six areas surveyed.

By area, in relation to September, there were decreases in Rio de Janeiro (9.7%) and in Porto Alegre (11.5%). The annual comparison brought decreases in Recife (-13.0%), Belo Horizonte (-19.2%) and Porto Alegre (-23.4%).

 

EMPLOYED PERSONS (PO)

 

The employed population (21.3 million) did not change in comparison with the previous year. In comparison with October 2006, jobs increased about 3.1%, that is, with 639 thousand positions.

 

In relation to September 2007, no metropolitan area had significant change. In the annual comparison, there were increases in Salvador (4.7%), Belo Horizonte (3.5%), Rio de Janeiro (2.2%), São Paulo (3.8%) and Porto Alegre (4.2%).

 

In October, men made up 55.4% of the employed persons, and women, 44.6%. The population aged 25 – 49 years made up 63.7%of the overall number of employed persons, and 53.8% of them had 11 or more years of schooling.

 

In relation to September 2007, no metropolitan area had significant change. In the annual comparison, there were increases in Salvador (4.7%), Belo Horizonte (3.5%), Rio de Janeiro (2.2%), São Paulo (3.8%) and Porto Alegre (4.2%).

 

In October, men made up 55.4% of the employed persons, and women, 44.6%. The population aged 25 – 49 years made up 63.7%of the overall number of employed persons, and 53.8% of them had 11 or more years of schooling.

  

Among the employed persons, 49.9% worked between 40 and 44 hours per week; 32.4%, over 45 hours per week. On average, 67.8% of workers in the six areas surveyed had had that job for at least 2 years; 11.4% for between 1 year and less than 2 years; 18.8% for between one month and one year and only 2.0% for less than 1 month. The table below shows occupation by Group  of Activity.

 

 Analysis of the type of participation of workers in the job market

 

Workers WITH a formal contract in the private sector (except domestic workers, military and statutory civil servants and other) (43.0% of the employed population) There was no change in relation to September. In comparison with October 2006, there was rise of 6.8%, or more 584 thousand workers with a formal contract.

In the monthly comparison, there were no changes in the areas surveyed. In relation to October 2006, there were increases in all the areas: Recife (12.4%), Salvador (10.7%), Belo Horizonte (6.3%), Rio de Janeiro (8.4%), São Paulo (5.4%) and Porto Alegre (4.7%). 

Workers WITHOUT a formal contract in the private sector (except domestic workers, military and statutory civil servants and other) ( 13.9% of the employed population) There was stability in relation to September and decrease (4.0%) in relation to October 2006, for the group of six metropolitan areas.

 

There was stability in all the metropolitan areas, compared to the previous month, except in Porto Alegre (7.7%). In relation to October last year, there were decreases in Recife (20.1%) and in Rio de Janeiro (10.5%).

 

Own-account workers (19.2% of the employed population) There was stability in both comparisons.

 

In relation to September, there was stability in the six areas surveyed. In the annual comparison, there was increase in São Paulo and decrease (9.2%) in Recife.

 

 

AVERAGE REAL INCOME²

 

In October, the average real income usually earned by workers, in the group of areas surveyed (R$1,123.60) increased in relation to the September figure (0.5%), and also in relation to October 2006 (1.2%).

 

In relation to September, there were increases in Recife (3.2%), Belo Horizonte (2.4%) and São Paulo (1.4%) and decreases in Rio de Janeiro (1.9%) and Porto Alegre (0.6%). In the annual comparison, there were increases in Recife (1.4%), Belo Horizonte (3.8%), Rio de Janeiro (0.6%), São Paulo (1.3%) and Porto Alegre (3.0%), and decrease in Salvador (5.0%). The table below shows the changes of Average Real Income Usually Earned for the group of six metropolitan areas.  

 

 

 

Income of the categories of position in the occupation - MONTHLY comparison

 

Workers with a formal contract signed in the private sector – There was stability of the estimated average real income at R4 1,083.70 in October 2007.

 

There were increases in Recife (2.3%), Salvador (2.4%), SP (0.7%) and Porto Alegre (1.5%) and decrease in RJ (-4.1%).

 

 

Workers without a formal contract in the private sector – There was increase of 1.6% of the average income, estimated as R$ 743.30. 

 

There were increases in Salvador (7.4%), BH (6.6%) and SP (4.6%), and decreases in RJ (5.3%) and Porto Alegre (13.2%), and stability in Recife.

 

 

Own-account workers – There was stability of the estimated average income at R$ 945.30.

 

In Salvador (3.3%) and Belo Horizonte (8.0%), there were increases, and decrease in Recife (4.4%), Rio de Janeiro (0.9%) and Porto Alegre (2.1%).

 

 

Income of the categories of position in the occupation - ANNUAL comparison

 

For the group of six metropolitan areas, the income of workers with a formal contract in the private sector, estimated as R$ 1.083,70, did not have any significant change in relation to October 2006.

 

There were increases in Salvador (4.2%), RJ (1.4%) and Porto Alegre (3.3).

 

For the group of six metropolitan areas, the category of workers without a formal contract in the private sector kept the stability of income, estimated as R$ 743.30.

 

Workers of the metropolitan areas of Recife (0.7%), Belo Horizonte (6.6%), Rio de Janeiro (1.0%) and São Paulo (1.2%) had increase of income. In the metropolitan areas of Salvador (21.4%) and Porto Alegre (7.2%) income decreased.

 

For the group of six areas, in the category of own-account workers, Income recovered by 5.5%.

 

There was recovery of income in the following metropolitan areas:Recife (8.77%), Salvador (2.1%), Belo Horizonte (13.4%), Rio de Janeiro (2.9%) and São Paulo (6.1%). Income only decreased in Porto Alegre (6.4%). The table below shows the changes of Average Real Income of the Employed Population, by group of activity, for the group of six metropolitan areas.

 

 

 Average real household income per capita³

The estimated average real household income per capita for the group of tem areas in October 2007 was R$ 709.45; there was stability in relation to last September. In comparison with October 2006, there was recovery (1.5%). The table below shows the Average Real Household Income Per Capita in the areas surveyed by PME.

Volume of Real Effective Income of the Employed Population⁴

The volume of Real Effective Income of the Employed Population was estimated as R$ 23.7 billion (month of reference – September 2007), according to PME for October 2007, in the group of six metropolitan areas. There was increase in relation to the previous August (0.4%), and also in relation to September 2006 (3.8%).

 

In relation to last August, there were decreases in Salvador (-0.8%), Rio de Janeiro (-1.9%) and Porto Alegre (-0.6%) and increases in Recife (0.5%), Belo Horizonte (1.5%) and São Paulo (1.6%). In comparison with September 2006, there was recovery in Belo Horizonte (7.4%), Rio de Janeiro (2.5%), São Paulo (4.5%) and Porto Alegre (6.7%), and decreases in Recife (1.1%) and Salvador (1.6%).

 

NON-ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE PERSONS (PNEA)⁵

 

The non-economically-active population, which is not classified by the survey as unemployed, was estimated as 17.3 million for the group of six areas investigated in October 2007. This indicator remained stable in relation to the previous month and increased in comparison with October last year (2.1%).

 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

¹ Persons who were not working, were available to work in the week of reference and took some action to find a job in the thirty days prior to the week in which they participated in the survey.

 ² It is the income usually earned. For the calculation of real income, the deflator used for each area is the Consumer price Index of the respective metropolitan area, produced by IBGE. For the income of the six metropolitan areas covered by the survey, the deflator is the weighting average of the price indexes in these areas. The weighting variable is the resident population of the metropolitan area urban part.  

³ Monthly household income per capita is the division of the monthly household income generated from work by the number of members of the housing unit, except those who receive pension benefits, who are domestic worker or relative of the domestic worker.

⁴ Sum of the income usually earned from work done in the month of reference (month prior to the month of the survey release) 

⁵ Persons aged 10 year or over who were not employed and were not looking for a job.